Conditions: Stress; Anxiety and FearInterventions: Behavioral: Music intervention only; Behavioral: Sports games intervention only; Behavioral: Music and sports games interventionSponsor: Wu JiarunCompleted
Für Kinder ist alles das erste Mal. Auch ihre Emotionen müssen sie erst verstehen lernen. Mit diesen sechs gefühlvollen Geschichten kann man gut über Angst, Neugier oder Schüchternheit ins Gespräch kommen.
Kinderbücher über Gefühle: Buchempfehlungen zu Angst, Neugier, Schüchternheit Read More »
Condition: Postpartum CareIntervention: Other: Scenario-based high-fidelity simulation methodSponsor: Saglik Bilimleri UniversitesiCompleted
Background
Aberrant brain connectivity during emotional processing, especially within the fronto-limbic pathway, is one of the hallmarks of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the methodological heterogeneity of previous studies made it difficult to determine the functional and etiological implications of specific alterations in brain connectivity. We previously reported alterations in psychophysiological interaction measures during emotional face processing, distinguishing depressive pathology from at-risk/resilient and healthy states. Here, we extended these findings by effective connectivity analyses in the same sample to establish a refined neural model of emotion processing in depression.
Methods
Thirty-seven patients with MDD, 45 first-degree relatives of patients with MDD and 97 healthy controls performed a face-matching task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. We used dynamic causal modeling to estimate task-dependent effective connectivity at the subject level. Parametric empirical Bayes was performed to quantify group differences in effective connectivity.
Results
MDD patients showed decreased effective connectivity from the left amygdala and left lateral prefrontal cortex to the fusiform gyrus compared to relatives and controls, whereas patients and relatives showed decreased connectivity from the right orbitofrontal cortex to the left insula and from the left orbitofrontal cortex to the right fusiform gyrus compared to controls. Relatives showed increased connectivity from the anterior cingulate cortex to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared to patients and controls.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that the depressive state alters top-down control of higher visual regions during face processing. Alterations in connectivity within the cognitive control network present potential risk or resilience mechanisms.
Face Processing in Major Depression: Pathology, Risk, and Resilience Read More »
Differentiating between intuition and fear can sometimes be challenging. Fear often manifests as a pushing energy, driving you to avoid disappointment or ridicule. Conversely, intuition exudes a pulling energy, guiding you towards what is in your best interests.
How to Tell the Difference Between Fear and Intuition Read More »
Source: U.S. News and World ReportAlthough obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is fairly common, affecting around 1 in every 50 U.S. adults, its causes have not been well understood—until now. Psychologists from the University of Cambridge report they have found widespread chemical imbalances in the regions of OCD patients’ brains responsible for decision-making. The findings could lead to more targeted treatments for the condition, they say.
By Cara Murez HealthDay ReporterMONDAY, June 19, 2023 (HealthDay News) – New research finds that many of those who have received an implanted…
Stress, Anxiety Plague Many Who Get Implanted Heart Devices Read More »
Condition: AnxietyIntervention: Device: VeNSSponsors: Neurovalens Ltd.; Ulster UniversityCompleted
Fear of needles is a widespread issue, affecting individuals of all ages. Research suggests that up to 50% of teenagers, and at least 20 to 30% of adults experience needle fear. This problem can severely limit your life, potentially preventing you from receiving vital medical care or pursuing parenthood through in-vitro fertilization (IVF). But fear
6 Steps to Overcome a Fear of Needles Read More »
Background
Social anxiety (SA), a prevalent comorbid condition in psychotic disorders with a negative impact on functioning, requires adequate intervention relatively early. Using a randomized controlled trial, we tested the efficacy of a group cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention for SA (CBT-SA) that we developed for youth who experienced the first episode of psychosis (FEP). For our primary outcome, we hypothesized that compared to the active control of group cognitive remediation (CR), the CBT-SA group would show a reduction in SA that would be maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. For secondary outcomes, it was hypothesized that the CBT-SA group would show a reduction of positive and negative symptoms and improvements in recovery and functioning.
Method
Ninety-six patients with an FEP and SA, recruited from five different FEP programs in the Montreal area, were randomized to 13 weekly group sessions of either CBT-SA or CR intervention.
Results
Linear mixed models revealed that multiple measures of SA significantly reduced over time, but with no significant group differences. Positive and negative symptoms, as well as functioning improved over time, with negative symptoms and functioning exhibiting a greater reduction in the CBT-SA group.
Conclusions
While SA decreased over time with both interventions, a positive effect of the CBT-SA intervention on measures of negative symptoms, functioning, and self-reported recovery at follow-up suggests that our intervention had a positive effect that extended beyond symptoms specific to SA.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02294409.
